doi: 10.1002/hec.1078ĭuan N (1983) Smearing estimate: a nonparametric retransformation method. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.12.001Ĭarey K (1997) A panel design for estimation of hospital cost functions. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.08.029īurt CW, McCaig LF, Valverde RH (2006) Analysis of ambulance transports and diversions among US emergency departments. doi: 10.1097/01.8īamezai A, Melnick G, Nawathe A (2005) The cost of an emergency department visit and its relationship to emergency department volume. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1050(199905)8:33.0.CO 2-Xīamezai A, Melnick G (2006) Marginal cost of emergency department outpatient visits: an update using California data. The results support a possible expansion of ED size policy in order to improve the cost efficiency of ED services.Īmerican Hospital Association Annual Survey Database (2004)īamezai A, Zwanziger J, Melnick GA, Mann JM (1999) Price competition and hospital cost growth in the United States. Average cost per ED visit for trauma centers exceeds marginal cost at all Levels, indicating the presence of EOS. The marginal costs (in 2004 dollars) of each trauma center level are: $53 (Level I), $177 (Level II), $119 (Level III), and $258 (Level IV). Cost functions corresponding to four different levels of ED trauma care are estimated using a translog panel data model with hospital fixed effects. Data comes from acute care hospitals in Texas for the period 1998–2004. A hospital cost function approach is taken to evaluate average and marginal costs of EDs designated as trauma centers. This study addresses the question of whether there are economies of scale (EOS) in ED care, and the extent to which such economies vary across different types of EDs. Patient wait times and periods of ED diversion have increased, raising concerns about the timeliness, efficiency, and quality of ED treatment. Crowded emergency departments (EDs) have become a serious problem in the current U.S.
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